Ithetha ukuthini i-SMT?

Kwimveliso ye-elektroniki yanamhlanje, mhlawumbi udibene ne-acronymSMT— kodwa ithetha ukuthini kanye kanye?
I-SMT imeleUmphezulu weTekhnoloji yeNtaba, indlela yenguqu esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iisekethe ze-elektroniki ngokufanelekileyo, ngokuchanekileyo nangomlinganiselo.

Sisiseko esisemva phantse kuso sonke isixhobo osisebenzisayo namhlanje-ukusuka kwii-smartphones kunye neelaptops ukuya kwisibane se-LED, iinkqubo zeemoto, kunye nezixhobo zoshishino.

Intsingiselo ye-SMT

SMT (Surface Mount Technology)yindlela yokuvelisa iisekethe zombane apho amacandelo akhoyoinyuswe ngqo phezu komhlabayeebhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo (PCBs).

Ngaphambi kokuba i-SMT ibe semgangathweni, abavelisi basebenzisaItekhnoloji yomngxuma (THT)-Inkqubo ecothayo, enzima kakhulu efuna imingxuma yokugrumba kwi-PCB kunye nokufaka umkhondo.

Kwi-SMT, ezo zikhokelo zitshintshwaukupheliswa kwesinyithi okanye iipads, ezithengiswa ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu webhodi usebenzisa i-solder paste kunye noomatshini bokubeka ngokuzenzekela.

Kutheni le nto i-SMT ithathe indawo yeNdibano yeSintu ngomngxuma

Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwi-THT ukuya kwi-SMT kwaqala ngo-1980 kwaye ngokukhawuleza kwaba ngumgangatho wehlabathi.
Nasi isizathu:

Ngamafutshane,I-SMT yenza i-electronics yancinci, ikhawuleza, kwaye yangabizi- ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza.

Namhlanje, phantseI-90% yazo zonke iindibano zombaneziveliswa kusetyenziswa ubuchule be-SMT.

Isebenza njani iNkqubo ye-SMT

AnUmgca we-SMTyinkqubo yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo apho iiPCB zidityaniswa ngokuchaneka kunye nesantya.
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-SMT ibandakanyaizigaba ezintandathu eziphambili:

1. Ushicilelo lwe-Solder Paste

Iprinta yestencil iyasebenzai-solder pastekwiPCB pads.
Le ntlama iqulethe iibhola ezincinci ze-solder zentsimbi ezixhonywe kwi-flux-isebenza njengento yokuncamathela kunye ne-conductor.

2. Ukubekwa kwecandelo

Oomatshini bokukhetha babeke ngokuzenzekelayo izinto ezincinci ze-elektroniki (izixhasi, ii-ICs, ii-capacitors, njl.njl.) kwiiphedi ezigqunywe nge-solder.

3. I-Reflow Soldering

I-PCB iyonke idlula kwi-areflow oven, apho i-solder paste inyibilika kwaye iqina, idibanisa ngokusisigxina icandelo ngalinye.

4. Uhlolo (AOI / SPI)

Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lwaMacho (AOI) kunye noHlolo lwe-Solder Paste (SPI) iisistim zijonga iziphene ezinje ngolungelelwaniso olugwenxa, ukudibanisa, okanye izinto ezingekhoyo.

5. Uvavanyo

Uvavanyo lombane kunye nokusebenza luqinisekisa ukuba ibhodi nganye edityanisiweyo isebenza ngokuchanekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ihambe iye kwindibano yokugqibela.

6. Ukupakishwa okanye uKutyabeka ngokusesikweni

Ii-PCB ezigqityiweyo zinokugqunywa ukuze zikhuseleke okanye zidityaniswe kwiimveliso zombane ezigqityiweyo.

Izixhobo eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwiMveliso ye-SMT

Umgca we-SMT uquka oomatshini abaninzi ababalulekileyo abasebenza kunye ngaphandle komthungo:

Aba matshini bahlala bedityaniswa kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile ukuphucula ukuchaneka nokusebenza kakuhle - inxalenye yeIshishini 4.0 indalekokwimveliso yombane.

Amacandelo aqhelekileyo kwi-SMT

I-SMT ivumela iindidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo, kuquka:

• I-Resistors kunye ne-capacitors (SMDs)- awona malungu aqhelekileyo kunye amancinci.

• IiSekethe eziDityanisiweyo (ICs)-imicroprocessors, iitshiphusi zememori, abalawuli.

• Ii-LED kunye neenzwa- ukukhanyisa kunye nokufumanisa.

• Izihlanganisi kunye ne-transistors- iinguqulelo ezixineneyo zeesekethe ezinesantya esiphezulu.

La macandelo aziwa ngokudibeneyo njengeIi-SMDs (Izixhobo zokuNyuka ngaphezulu).

Izinto eziluncedo ze-SMT

Ukunyuka kwe-SMT kuyimise ngokutsha indlela ii-electronics eziyilwe kwaye ziveliswe ngayo.
Izibonelelo zayo zanda ngaphaya kwesantya nje:

✔ Izixhobo ezincinci kunye neziKhaphukhaphu

Izixhobo zinokuxhonywa kumacala omabini ePCB, ukwenza i-compact, uyilo olunemigangatho emininzi lunokwenzeka.

✔ Ukusebenza kakuhle kweMveliso

Imigca ye-SMT ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo inokuhlanganisa amawaka amacandelo ngeyure ngongenelelo oluncinci lomntu.

✔ Ukusebenza ngcono koMbane

Iindlela zomqondiso ezimfutshane zithethaingxolo encinci, imiqondiso ekhawulezayo, kwayeukuthembeka okukhulu.

✔ Iindleko eziNcitshisiweyo zeMveliso

I-automation icutha iindleko zabasebenzi kwaye inyuse amazinga esivuno, okukhokelela kwimveliso engabizi kakhulu.

✔ Ukuguquguquka kuYilo

Iinjineli zinokulungelelanisa ukusebenza okuthe kratya kwiindawo ezincinci- zivumela yonke into ukusuka kwizinto zombane ezinxitywayo ukuya kwiiyunithi zolawulo lweemoto eziphambili.

Unyino kunye nemingeni ye-SMT

Nangona i-SMT ingumgangatho weshishini, ayinangxaki:

• Kunzima ukulungisa ngesandla- izixhobo zincinci kwaye zipakishwe ngokuxineneyo.

• Uvakalelo lobushushu— i-reflow soldering ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu.

• Ayilunganga kwizihlanganisi ezinkulu okanye iinxalenye zoomatshini- amanye amalungu asafuna ukudityaniswa komngxuma womngxuma ukuze zomelele.

Ngenxa yezi zizathu, iibhodi ezininzi namhlanje zisebenzisa aindlela exutyiweyo, ukudibanisa zombini i-SMT kunye neTHT apho kuyimfuneko.

Ii-Real-World Applications ze-SMT

Itekhnoloji ye-SMT ichukumisa phantse yonke imiba yokwenziwa kombane wale mihla:

Ngaphandle kwe-SMT, i-elektroniki yanamhlanje ehlangeneyo nenamandla ayinakwenzeka.

Ikamva le-SMT: Likrelekrele kwaye liziSebenzisa ngakumbi

Njengoko itekhnoloji iguquka, imveliso ye-SMT iqhubela phambili.
Imigca ye-SMT yesizukulwana esilandelayo ngoku ibandakanya:

• Ukufunyanwa kwesiphene esekwe kwi-AIukulungiswa komgangatho oluzenzekelayo

• I-smart feeders kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambiliukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla

• Ukudityaniswa kwedathaphakathi kweSPI, AOI, kunye noomatshini bokubeka

• Miniaturization- ixhasa i-01005 kunye nendibano encinci ye-LED

Ikamva le-SMT lilele kwidijithali epheleleyo kunye neenkqubo zokuzifundela ezinokuziqhelanisa ngexesha langempela ukuphucula isivuno kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.

I-SMT ithetha ntoni ngenene

Ngoko,ithetha ukuthini i-SMT?
Ingaphezulu nje kwegama lemveliso - imele utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela abantu abazakha ngayo izinto zombane.

ITekhnoloji yoMphezulu weMount yenziwe yaba nokwenzeka:

• Izixhobo ezincinci nezikhawulezayo,

• Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokuvelisa, kunye

• Itekhnoloji efikelelekayo ngakumbi kumntu wonke.

Ukusuka kwibhodi yesekethe yefowuni yakho ukuya kwiirobhothi zoshishino kunye nezixhobo zonyango, i-SMT sisiseko esingabonakaliyo esinika amandla kwihlabathi lethu lanamhlanje.